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Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of the New Quinolones

College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, MNanoreddi{at}umn.edu;Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth, Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

Virginia L. Haynes, MS

Department of Pharmacy Practice and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Duluth

George G. Zhanel, PharmD, PhD

Department of Medical Microbiology at the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada

In this review, the authors describe the pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) characteristics of the new quinolones (levofloxacin, gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin, gemifloxacin, and garenoxacin) and discuss their implications on adequate therapy of patients with respiratory infections. The newer quinolones display excellent bioavailability and have longer serum half-lives than ciprofloxacin. In addition, they have the ability to concentrate in respiratory tract tissues and fluids at levels that exceed serum-drug concentrations. Also, the newer quinolones exhibit broad-spectrum activity against both susceptible and resistant organisms. Those favorable PK/PD properties make the new quinolones an attractive therapeutic alternative to traditional agents for common respiratory infections. Understanding the PK/PD of quinolone antibiotics can facilitate selection of optimal regimens to hasten response, prevent treatment failures, and minimize the development of resistance.

Key Words: Pharmacokinetics • pharmacodynamics • quinolones • Streptococcus pneumoniae

Journal of Pharmacy Practice, Vol. 18, No. 6, 432-443 (2005)
DOI: 10.1177/0897190005282397


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